PAM (Polyacrylamide) referred to as PAM, formed by the polymerization of acrylamide monomer is a water-soluble linear polymer materials. Chemical properties of acrylamide monomer is very lively, in the double bond and amide Department can conduct a series of chemical reactions, using different techniques, into different functional groups, can be products of different charge: anionic, cationic, nonionic, gender ionic polyacrylamide. The average molecular weight of PAM from thousands to tens of millions more along the key-shaped molecules have a number of functional groups, the majority of ionization in water may belong to polymer electrolyte. It can be dissociated according to the characteristics of groups are divided into anionic (eg, - COOH, - SO3H, - OSO3H, etc.) cationic (eg, - NH3OH, - NH2OH,-CONH3OH) and non-ionic. Appearance of the product is white powder, soluble in water, almost insoluble in benzene, ether, ester, acetone and other organic solvents in general, its solution is almost transparent viscous liquid, is a non-dangerous goods, non-toxic, non-corrosive, solid PAM has moisture absorption, moisture absorption with the increase of ionic degrees, PAM thermal stability; heated to 100 ^oC stability of the good, but easy to decompose above 150 ^oC in nitrogen production, occurring at the molecular role of imidization do not dissolve in water, density (g) ml 23 ^oC 1.302. Glass humidity 153 ^oC, PAM performance under the stress out of non-Newtonian liquid.

Use characteristics

A) flocculation of: PAM allows suspended material through the electrical neutralization, bridging adsorption, flocculation effect.

2) adhesion: through mechanical, physical, chemical role, played the role of adhesion.

3) drop resistance: PAM can effectively reduce the fluid friction resistance, water resistance to trace PAM will be able to drop 50-80%.

4) thickening: PAM in neutral and acid conditions, both thickening effect, when the PH value of 10 or more easily hydrolyzed PAM. Half-mesh structure, thickening more clearly.

The role of the Principle of PAM

A) flocculation theory: PAM for the flocculation, the floc types of surface, and being in nature, especially the dynamic potential, viscosity, turbidity and the PH value of suspensions related to the dynamic potential of particle surface, is the reason particles inhibitor Join the opposite surface charge PAM, can be reduced and the mobilization of the liquid potential.

2) Adsorption bridge: PAM molecular chains fixed on the surface of different particles, the formation of polymer bridges between particles, so that particles to form aggregates of settlement.

3) surface: PAM molecules polar groups on a variety of adsorbed particles.

4) To enhance the role of: PAM molecular chain and scattered through a variety of mechanical, physical, chemical and other role will be involved with the dispersed phase to form a mesh, which in turn has enhanced the role.

A, anionic polyacrylamide

[Application] 1, is mainly used for flocculant: For suspended particles, coarse, high concentrations of particles with a positive charge, water, PH value is neutral or alkaline water, due to anionic polyacrylamide molecular chain contains a certain amount of can absorb polar solid particles suspended in water, so that particles form a large floc bridging. It speed up the suspension of particles in the settlement, there are very obvious solution to speed up the clarification, the promotion of filtering effects. The product is widely used in chemical industry waste water, waste water treatment, municipal sewage treatment. Tap water industry, the high turbidity of water purification, Shen-ching, coal washing, ore dressing, metallurgy, iron and steel industry, zinc, aluminum industry, electronic industry and other water treatment. 2, for the oil industry, oil, drilling mud, waste mud treatment, to prevent water channeling, reducing friction, enhanced oil recovery, EOR is widely used. 3, for textile sizing agent, slurry performance is stable, down less pulp, fabrics, end breakage rate is low, bright and clean cloth. 4, for the paper industry, necessary to raise the fillers, pigments and other retention rate. In order to reduce the wastage of raw materials and environmental pollution; the second is to improve the strength of paper (including the dry strength and wet strength), In addition, the use of PAM can also improve the tear resistance of paper and porous, so as to improve the visual and print performance, but also with the wrapping paper in the food and tea. 5, other industries, food industry, for the cane sugar, beet sugar juice clarification and syrup production, phosphorus float extract. Enzyme broth flocculation industry, is also used to feed, protein recovery, stable quality, good performance, recovery of protein powder on the chicken, the survival rate of improvement and weight gain, no adverse effects on egg production, synthetic resin coatings, construction grouting material block water, building materials industry, improve the quality of cement, construction adhesives, fillers repair and plugging agent, soil improvement, electroplating, printing and dyeing industries.

2, cationic polyacrylamide

Cationic polyacrylamide in acid or alkaline medium showed a electropositive nature, it is usually than anionic or non-ionic low molecular weight polyacrylamide, which clarify the performance of clean water mainly through the role of charge neutralization obtained. The main function of such flocculants is flocculation with a negative charge, with turbidity, bleaching function. In alcohol factory, monosodium glutamate factory, sugar mills, meat plants, beverage plants, printing and dyeing plant's wastewater treatment such as using cationic than with anionic polyacrylamide polyacrylamide, nonionic polyacrylamide or salts effect of a higher number of times or several times, because such waste is largely a Yin charge. Currently in use water-soluble azo initiator AIBA and so on, has been able to raise 10 million more than its molecular weight.

CPAM application of high-speed centrifuge, belt filter press, frame filter press sludge dewatering and other special machinery, with the formation of floc fast floc thick, resistant to compression and shear, into a group is good, Easy with the cloth strip and so on. Therefore, dehydration rate, cake containing liquid is low, with less, can significantly reduce the cost of users. Can also be used in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid concentration and other liquids, separating purification in which substances contained in the suspension turbidity. Therefore, the product is widely used in urban sewage treatment plants, breweries, food factories, tanneries, paper mills, petrochemical plants, oil, metallurgy, chemical industry and cosmetics such as sludge dewatering treatment.

Third, non-ionic polyacrylamide

[Application]

1, is mainly used for flocculant: Because of its molecular chain contains a certain amount of polarity genes can be adsorbed to solid particles suspended in water, so that particles form a large floc. It accelerates the suspension of particles in the settlement, there are very obvious solution to speed up the clarification, the promotion of filtering effects, widely used in chemical industry waste water, waste water treatment, municipal sewage treatment. Especially when the water was acidic, the use of this product is most suitable. PFS with inorganic flocculants, poly aluminum salts used in conjunction.

2, for the oil industry, oil, drilling mud, waste mud treatment, to prevent water channeling, reducing friction, enhanced oil recovery, EOR is widely used.

3, for textile sizing agent, slurry performance is stable, down less pulp, fabrics, end breakage rate is low, bright and clean cloth.

4, for the paper industry, necessary to raise the fillers, pigments and other retention rate. In order to reduce the wastage of raw materials and environmental pollution; the second is to improve the strength of paper (including the dry strength and wet strength), In addition, the use of PAM can also improve the tear resistance of paper and porous, so as to improve the visual and print performance, but also with the wrapping paper in the food and tea.

5, other industries, food industry, for the cane sugar, beet sugar juice clarification and syrup production, phosphorus float extract. Enzyme broth flocculation industry, is also used to feed, protein recovery, stable quality, good performance, recovery of protein powder on the chicken, the survival rate of improvement and weight gain, no adverse effects on egg production, synthetic resin coatings, construction grouting material block water, building materials industry, improve the quality of cement, construction adhesives, fillers repair and plugging agent, soil improvement, electroplating, printing and dyeing industries.

4, amphoteric polyacrylamide

Product Form: Amphoteric polyacrylamide (ACPAM) appearance is white powder. Product Features: Amphoteric polyacrylamide molecule containing a result of cation and anion, and it has the general characteristics of the use of cationic flocculants, the performance of a more excellent performance. Such flocculants can be a wide range of PH value is used, with higher filtration capacity than at the end of the filter cake moisture content can also be used for acid leaching of ore or from a metal-containing acidic catalysts to recover valuable metals.

By no means gender-ionic anionic, cationic mixed. If the cationic polyacrylamide used in conjunction with anionic polyacrylamide precipitation reaction will occur. Therefore, zwitterionic product is ideal. Main use:

Oilfield profile control plugging agent, and cross-linking agent, stabilizer, combined effects of coagulant to produce an important polymer gel and resin gel strength coagulant glue plugging agent. It does this by-laws, the role of the physical blockage of pores and cracks in block formation, adjusting the ratio, can control the gel time to adapt to different geological conditions clear. All kinds of oil, organic, inorganic, sewage, sewage treatment complex. In the PH volatile sewage system. Used for sludge dewatering. Additives used in papermaking.

Packaging and storage:

This product is non-toxic, pay attention to moisture, rain, avoid sun exposure. Storage period: 2 years, 25kg paper bag (lined with plastic bag outside the laminating kraft paper bag). No more than 10 layers of high heap

9003-05-8